How Many Democrats Are Currently in the House of Representatives
The United States Congress is the legislative co-operative of the federal government and consists of two houses: the lower firm known as the Business firm of Representatives and the upper house known as the Senate. The words "Congress" and "Business firm" are sometimes used colloquially to refer to the Firm of Representatives. There are 535 members of Congress: 100 senators and 435 representatives in the Business firm.
Republicans currently control the Senate (54 to 44 Democrats) and the House (246 to 188).
Comparison chart
 | House of Representatives | Senate |
|---|---|---|
| Introduction | The Usa House of Representatives is one of the 2 houses of the The states Congress. It is frequently referred to as the Business firm. | The United States Senate is the upper house of the bicameral legislature of the United States Congress. |
| Type | Lower house. Responds to the needs of the people faster since representatives only take a two year term. Laws dealing with revenue must beginning in the House. | Upper house. The six yr term means the Senate can be slower and consider the long-term furnishings of laws. |
| Seats | 435 voting members, 6 not-voting members: v delegates, 1 resident commissioner | 100 |
| Seats apportioned | Based on the population of each country | Two for each land |
| Length of term | two years. All 435 seats are up for reelection every 2 years. | 6 years. Here at that place is a continuous torso idea. But ane/3 of the senate seats are elected every ii years. And so only 34 or 33 senators are up for election at one time. |
| Term limits | None | None |
| Leadership | Nancy Pelosi (D) (Speaker); elected by the House of Representatives. | The President of the Senate [currently Kamala Harris (D) only votes in case of a tie. When he or she is not available, the President pro tempore, a senator elected past the Senate [currently Patrick Leahy (D)] takes over on his behalf. |
| Majority Leader | Steny Hoyer (D) | Chuck Schumer (D) |
| Minority Leader | Kevin McCarthy (R) | Mitch McConnell (R) |
| Majority Whip | James Clyburn (D) | John Thune (R) |
| Minority Whip | Steve Scalise (R) | Dick Durbin (D) |
| Political groups | Democratic (219), Republican (211), v vacant seats | Republican (48), Democratic (48), Independent (two) |
| Voting system | First-past-the-post | First-past-the-mail |
| History | Based on Virginia Programme | Based on New Jersey Plan |
Size of Senate vs. House
While at that place are 100 seats in the Senate (ii senators from each state), there are 435 seats in the House of Representatives (one representative from each of the diverse congressional districts, with the number of congressional districts in each state adamant by the population).
The Reapportionment Human action of 1929 set the concluding number of the Firm at the current 435, with commune sizes adjusted according to population growth. Yet, as commune borders were never divers definitively, they can and often do stretch into peculiar shapes due to a practice known as gerrymandering.
Gerrymandering is used at the state legislature level to create districts that overwhelmingly favor ane political party. Federal and Supreme Courtroom rulings have overturned gerrymandering efforts that have been perceived to exist based on race, but otherwise some districts have been reconfigured to give one or another party an farthermost political reward, thus assuasive that political party to secure more power in the state and in the House of Representatives.
A line graph showing which political parties have controlled the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate over the years. Click to enlarge.
Roles of Representatives and Senators
The House plays a major office in government, mainly that of initiating all revenue-based legislation. Any proposal to heighten taxes must come up from the House, with Senate review and approving. The Senate, on the other mitt, has sole ability of blessing on strange treaties and chiffonier and judicial nominations, including appointments to the Supreme Court.
In cases of impeachment (e.1000., Andrew Johnson in 1868 and Neb Clinton in 1998), the House determines if charges can be brought against the official, and a simple majority vote approves or rejects the filing of charges (the impeachment process). If approved, the Senate then serves as the investigative/judicial body to determine if the charges merit removing the accused official from his or her office. However, the vote in the Senate has to represent "a significant majority," usually taken to mean 67 of the 100 votes.
Members of Congress are deemed to exist "beyond the power of arrest" while in office, except in cases of treason, murder, or fraud. This stipulation has been used by representatives and senators to avoid subpoenas and other judicial procedures. A senator tin can waive the privilege at any fourth dimension, only a member of the House has to submit his or her petition to a general vote. If a simple majority approves, the privilege tin be waived.
Congress has the ability to amendment any citizen. Noncompliance with a congressional subpoena can comport upward to a ane-year jail sentence. The instance is heard in a judicial forum, and punishment (a sentence) for those institute guilty of "contempt of Congress" is handled strictly past the judicial arrangement.
The succession order in the federal government is president, vice president and then Speaker of the House, the leader of the representatives. The vice president is considered the "president" of the Senate, though he or she is non required or even expected to nourish near Senate sessions. The Senate elects a "President Pro Tempore," ofttimes the senior, or longest-serving, senator of the majority political party, who is responsible for managing day-to-day business.
Length of Terms
Senators are elected for a six-twelvemonth term, only Firm representatives but have two-year terms before they need to seek reelection. Every fellow member of the House is up for ballot or reelection every two years, but the Senate has a staggered organisation wherein only 1-third of the Senators are up for election or reelection every two years. It is possible for the House to change to a large extent (in terms of political party command) every two years, but changes are slower in the Senate. In both chambers, incumbents have a great reward over challengers, winning more than 90% of all contested races.
Qualifications
To be eligible as a representative, a person needs to be at least 25 years former at the time of the election and have lived continuously in the U.S. for at least 7 years. To become a senator, one must exist at to the lowest degree 30 years onetime at the time of the ballot and have lived continuously in the U.S. for at least 9 years. It is not a requirement to be a natural-born citizen in lodge to become a member of Congress.
Committees
Most of Congress' work takes place in committees. Both the House and Senate have standing, special, conference, and joint committees.
Standing committees are permanent and provide longer-serving members with ability bases. In the Business firm, key committees include Budget, Ways and Ways, and Armed services, while the Senate has Appropriations, Foreign Relations, and Judiciary committees. (Some committees be in both chambers, such as Upkeep, War machine, and Veterans Affairs.) Special committees are temporary, formed to investigate, clarify, and/or evaluate specific issues. Conference committees are formed when legislation is approved in both the House and Senate; they finalize the language in legislation. Joint committees feature members of the Business firm and Senate, with leadership of each commission alternating between members of each chamber.
Committees also have subcommittees, which are formed to focus more closely on sure issues. Some have get permanent, but most are formed for express time frames. Although useful for zeroing in on key issues, the proliferation of committees, and particularly subcommittees, has decentralized the legislative process and significantly slowed it, making Congress less responsive to changing trends and needs.
Debating legislation has stricter rules in the Firm than in the Senate, applicative at both the commission and whole-body levels. In the House, debate time is restricted and topics are ready beforehand, with discussions limited to the agenda. In the Senate, the tactic called filibustering is allowed. Once the floor is ceded to a senator, he or she tin can speak for as long equally the senator chooses, on any topic; no other business organisation tin can be transacted while the person speaks. A filibuster is used to cake potential legislation or Senate decisions until a favorable vote can be chosen. This has resulted in sometimes comically absurd efforts on the function of senators. For example, during a 2013 filibuster over the Affordable Care Act, Senator Ted Cruz (R-TX) read from Green Eggs and Ham.
Origins of Firm and Senate
In general, the House represents the population, while the Senate represents a "landed/large belongings" populace. In colonial times, the proposed "legislative trunk" had two models. The Virginia Plan, endorsed past Thomas Jefferson, created a group of representatives based on population sizes, and so that more populous states would have a greater vocalisation in legislative issues. Opposing it was the New Jersey Plan that limited each land to the same number of representatives; the plan suggested that there exist something between 2 to five representatives per state. The New Jersey Plan was criticized for holding larger states "hostage" to smaller states, equally each would accept the same ability base. This article in The New Yorker dissects information technology well:
James Madison and Alexander Hamilton absolutely hated the idea that each country should be entitled to the same number of senators regardless of size. Hamilton was withering on the topic. "As states are a collection of individual men," he harangued his beau-delegates at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, "which ought we to respect most, the rights of the people composing them, or of the artificial beings resulting from the composition? Nothing could exist more than preposterous or cool than to sacrifice the onetime to the latter."
Per the Connecticut Compromise at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787, the U.s.a. adopted the bicameral system of the English Parliament (i.e., Firm of Lords and House of Commons). The compromise was betwixt the Virginia plan (small state) and the New Jersey proposal (large country), two competing ideas on whether each state should go equal representation in the federal authorities or whether representation should be based on population. The compromise established that representatives in the lower house (House of Representatives) will be based on a population number (called a "district") while the upper house (Senate) would contain two representative from each state. Information technology was likewise decided that all classes would be eligible to become senators, subject to historic period and residency restrictions.
References
- Congress.gov
- The Organization of Congress - Cliff Notes
- Wikipedia: United States House of Representatives
- Wikipedia: The states Senate
- Wikipedia: Structure of the U.s.a. Congress
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